Masturbation is a healthy activity with many possible health benefits. However, some people may experience guilt around masturbation related to cultural factors. In some cases, this guilt may contribute to depression.
Hundreds of years ago, it was a common belief that masturbation was an immoral act that could result in mental health issues. Researchers have long since disproven this, finding that masturbation is a typical sexual activity that can have physical and mental health benefits.
Although the general attitude toward sexual self-exploration is changing, some cultures may still discourage masturbation. A person raised in this environment may feel guilt about masturbation, which could contribute to low mood. Having depression can also affect how a person feels about masturbation and sex.
A note about sex and gender
Sex and gender exist on spectrums. This article will use the terms “male,” “female,” or both to refer to sex assigned at birth. Learn more.
The act of masturbation does not directly cause depression. It is a natural, pleasurable activity that may boost self-esteem and help a person explore their sexuality.
Research also suggests it can lead to the release of hormones and chemicals involved in the brain’s pleasure-reward center. As such, it could even provide antidepressant effects.
Can masturbation contribute to depression?
While research highlights many potential benefits of masturbation, studies note that some people may experience anxiety or guilt about masturbation, which has historically been a social taboo.
In the past, people in positions of authority even suggested that masturbation was bad for your health. Though science has disproven this, some religions and cultures still view masturbation as sinful. This may contribute to effects on mood in people raised in these traditions who masturbate.
Medical terms such as ego-dystonic masturbation and masturbatory guilt describe feelings of embarrassment or shame following masturbation. Research states that individuals who feel guilt after masturbation may be more likely to experience negative mental health outcomes.
For example, a
Furthermore, while masturbation is a typical and healthy sexual practice, it can become an issue if it develops into a compulsive behavior. Some research suggests that excessive masturbation that begins to disrupt life may increase the risk of mental health conditions and depressive symptoms.
Learn more about depression.
Depression may make a person lose interest in activities that they usually enjoy, including sexual practices. It is not uncommon for a person with depression to experience a low libido. In a 2024 study, many male participants with severe depression were found to experience some sexual dysfunction.
A person may find that masturbating helps them feel sexual again, but this is highly personal. Many people go through phases of masturbating more or less frequently, which may not have any effect on their mental health.
Certain medications for depression may also reduce a person’s libido. Not all treatments have this effect, so if a specific medication decreases a person’s sex drive, they can discuss other options with their doctor if they wish.
If a person has a partner or partners and mental health is affecting their libido, communication may help. There are many other ways to maintain sexual intimacy, such as cuddling and giving massages. A person whose partner has depression may find that masturbating can meet their own sexual needs until their partner feels like reconnecting.
Depressive symptoms and other factors can affect people differently. While some may experience a loss of their sex drive, others may not.
Learn more about libido.
As well as reducing sex drive, depression may make a person feel:
- sad
- guilty
- hopeless
- worthless
- tired
Depression can also cause physical symptoms, such as unexplained aches and pains and weight changes. It is best for anyone experiencing symptoms of depression to consult a doctor, who will be able to help them access treatment.
People
- exercising regularly
- getting plenty of sleep
- eating a healthy, balanced diet
- reducing or avoiding alcohol intake
- practicing yoga, mindfulness, or meditation
- spending time with friends or family
- journaling
The most effective mix of treatment and self-management strategies will vary from person to person.
Evidence shows a correlation between masturbation and good mental and physical health. However, even though masturbation is not harmful, some people never masturbate or only do so rarely. This is also healthy and typical.
Possible health benefits of masturbation may include:
Boosting self-esteem
Masturbation may improve a person’s body confidence and self-esteem, helping them understanding their orgasm response and what causes them pleasure and, in turn, increasing dopamine.
Making it easier to orgasm
When a person learns what feels good through masturbation, they may find it easier to orgasm during sex with a partner.
Increasing sex drive
There may also be an association between masturbating and a person’s sex drive. Research suggests that females who masturbate may have higher sex drives than those who do not.
Possibly lowering the risk of prostate cancer
Although additional studies are necessary, initial research suggests that frequent ejaculation may lower a man’s risk of prostate cancer.
Improving sleep
Masturbating to orgasm may help a person get a good night’s sleep. During and after orgasm, feel-good hormones flood the brain. These hormones include:
These help a person relax, which may improve their sleep.
Stabilizing mood
Masturbation increases feel-good hormones in the brain, improving a person’s mood overall.
If a person feels guilty or anxious about masturbating, they may want to discuss this with a healthcare professional.
A doctor may be able to recommend a therapist who specializes in sexual health and can help a person navigate their relationship with masturbation.
Sexual health resources
Visit our dedicated hub for more research-backed information and in-depth resources on sexual health.
Masturbation is a healthy activity that floods the body with feel-good hormones such as dopamine. It can increase self-esteem and body confidence.
Negative emotions associated with masturbation usually stem from a cultural belief that masturbation is wrong or immoral.
Anyone experiencing symptoms of depression can speak with a healthcare professional, who can recommend treatments to help them manage the condition.
